Command Prompt

command prompt -windows xp

Command Prompt

The command prompt is now can be said often forgotten .But there are lot of things which it can do to make some functions which the normal GUI (Graphical User Interface) may have problem and specially in the age of Windows Vista which has lot and lots that unwanted stuffs which makes it a little screw in the hole.

Here is list very useful 10 commands.

To access command prompt click START MENU (Windows Picture in extreme Left corner in Vista) and now select RUN Type CMD or COMMAND  and click ENTER key.

DIR

Display a list of files and subfolders

Syntax
DIR [pathname(s)] [display_format] [file_attributes] [sorted] [time] [options]
Key
[pathname] The drive, folder, and/or files to display,
              this can include wildcards:

                 *   Match any characters
                 ?   Match any ONE character

   [display_format]
/P   Pause after each screen of data.
/W   Wide List format, sorted horizontally.
/D   Wide List format, sorted by vertical column.

   [file_attributes] /A: 

   /A:D  Folder         /A:-D  NOT Folder
/A:R  Read-only      /A:-R  NOT Read-only
/A:H  Hidden         /A:-H  NOT Hidden
/A:A  Archive        /A:-A  NOT Archive
/A    Show all files
   several attributes may be combined e.g. /A:HD-R

   [sorted]   Sorted by /O:

   /O:N   Name                  /O:-N   Name
   /O:S   file Size             /O:-S   file Size
/O:E   file Extension        /O:-E   file Extension
   /O:D   Date & time           /O:-D   Date & time
/O:G   Group folders first   /O:-G   Group folders last
several attributes may be combined e.g. /O:GEN

   [time] /T:  the time field to display & use for sorting

/T:C   Creation
/T:A   Last Access
/T:W   Last Written (default)

   [options]
/S     include all subfolders.
/R     Display alternate data streams. (Vista only)
/B     Bare format (no heading, file sizes or summary).
/L     use Lowercase.
/Q     Display the owner of the file.

/N     long list format where filenames are on the far right.
/X     As for /N but with the short filenames included.

/C     Include thousand separator in file sizes.
   /-C    don't include thousand separator in file sizes.

/4     Display four-digit years

Example : c:\DIR  which displays all directories in drive C

IPCONFIG

Configure IP (internet protocol configuration)

Syntax

IPCONFIG /all         Display full configuration information.

IPCONFIG /release [adapter]
Release the IP address for the specified adapter.

IPCONFIG /renew [adapter]
Renew the IP address for the specified adapter.

IPCONFIG /flushdns    Purge the DNS Resolver cache.

IPCONFIG /registerdns Refresh all DHCP leases and re-register DNS names.

IPCONFIG /displaydns  Display the contents of the DNS Resolver Cache.

IPCONFIG /showclassid adapter
Display all the DHCP class IDs allowed for adapter.

IPCONFIG /setclassid  adapter [classid]
Modify the dhcp class id.

If the Adapter name contains spaces, use quotes: “Adapter Name”
wildcard characters * and ? allowed, see the examples below

The default is to display only the IP address, subnet mask and default gateway for each adapter bound to TCP/IP.

For Release and Renew, if no adapter name is specified, then the IP address leases for all adapters bound to TCP/IP will be released or renewed.

For Setclassid, if no ClassId is specified, then the ClassId is removed.

Examples:
> ipconfig                   ... Show information.
> ipconfig /all              ... Show detailed information
> ipconfig /renew            ... renew all adapters
> ipconfig /renew EL*        ... renew any connection that has its
name starting with EL

> ipconfig /release *Con*    ... release all matching connections,
eg. "Local Area Connection 1" or
"Local Area Connection 2"

> ipconfig /setclassid "Local Area Connection" TEST
... set the DHCP class ID for the
named adapter to = TEST

XCOPY

Copy files and/or directory trees to another folder. XCOPY is similar to the COPY command except that it has additional switches to specify both the source and destination in detail.

XCOPY is particularly useful when copying files from CDROM to a hard drive, as it will automatically remove the read-only attribute.

Syntax
XCOPY source [destination] [options]

Key
source      : Pathname for the file(s) to be copied.

destination : Pathname for the new file(s).

   [options] can be any combination of the following:

   Source Options

/A           Copy files with the archive attribute set (default=Y)

/M           Copy files with the archive attribute set and
                turn off the archive attribute, use this option
                when making regular Backups (default=Y)

   /H           Copy hidden and system files and folders (default=N)

/D:mm-dd-yyyy
                Copy files that have changed since mm-dd-yyyy.
If no date is given, the default is to copy
                files with a modification date before today.
(at least 1 day before)

/U           Copy only files that already exist in destination.

/S           Copy folders and subfolders

/E           Copy folders and subfolders, including Empty folders.
                May be used to modify /T.

/EXCLUDE:file1[+file2][+file3]...

(Windows 2000 only) The files can each contain one
or more full or partial pathnames to be excluded.
When any of these match any part of the absolute path
of a SOURCE file, then that file will be excluded.
For example, specifying a string like \obj\ or .obj will exclude
all files underneath the directory obj or all files with the
.obj extension respectively.

   Copy Options

/W           Prompt you to press a key before starting to copy.
   /P           Prompt before creating each file.

/Y           (Windows 2000 only) Suppress prompt to confirm overwriting a file.
may be preset in the COPYCMD env variable.
/-Y          (Windows 2000 only) Prompt to confirm overwriting a file.

   /V           Verify that the new files were written correctly.
/C           Continue copying even if an error occurs.

/I           If in doubt always assume the destination is a folder
                e.g. when the destination does not exist.

   /Z           Copy files in restartable mode. If the copy is interrupted part
                way through, it will restart if possible. (use on slow networks)

/Q           Do not display file names while copying.
/F           Display full source and destination file names while copying.
/L           List only - Display files that would be copied.

Destination Options

/R           Overwrite read-only files.

/T           Create folder structure, but do not copy files. Do not
include empty folders or subfolders.
                /T /E will include empty folders and subfolders.

/K           Copy attributes. XCOPY will otherwise reset read-only attributes.

   /N           If at all possible, use only a short filename (8.3) when creating
a destination file. This may be nececcary when copying between disks
that are formatted differently e.g NTFS and VFAT, or when archiving
data to an ISO9660 CDROM.

/O           (Windows 2000 only) copy file Ownership and ACL information.

/X           Copy file audit settings (implies /O).

XCOPY will accept UNC pathnames

Examples:

To copy a file:

XCOPY C:\utils\MyFile D:\Backup\CopyFile

To copy a folder:

XCOPY C:\utils D:\Backup\utils /i

To copy a folder including all subfolders.

XCOPY C:\utils\* D:\Backup\utils /s /i

The /i defines the destination as a folder.

Notes

In many cases the functionality of XCOPY is superseded by ROBOCOPY.

To force the overwriting of destination files under both NT4 and Windows2000 use the COPYCMD environment variable:
SET COPYCMD=/Y
This will turn off the prompt in Win2000 and will be ignored by NT4 (which overwrites by default).

When comparing Dates/Times the granularity (the finest increment of the timestamp) is 2 seconds for a FAT volume and 0.1 microsecond for an NTFS volume.

The WinXP version of XCOPY will accept wildcards for the source e.g. *.txt
It is also more forgiving with trailing backslashes

RD

Delete folder(s)

Syntax
RD pathname
RD /S pathname
RD /S /Q pathname

Key
/S  : Delete all files and subfolders
in addition to the folder itself.
Use this to remove an entire folder tree.

/Q  : Quiet - do not display YN confirmation

Place any long pathnames in double quotes.

RD does not support wildcards but you can remove several folders in one command by listing the pathname to each.
e.g.

RD c:\docs\Jan c:\docs\Feb “c:\My Documents\Mar”

RMDIR is a synonym for RD

DEL

Delete one or more files.

Syntax
DEL [options] [/A:file_attributes] files_to_delete

Key
files_to_delete : This may be a filename, a list of files or a Wildcard 

options
/P  Give a Yes/No Prompt before deleting.
/F  Ignore read-only setting and delete anyway (FORCE)
/S  Delete from all Subfolders (DELTREE)
/Q  Quiet mode, do not give a Yes/No Prompt before deleting.

/A  Select files to delete based on file_attributes 

file_attributes:
R  Read-only    -R  NOT Read-only
S  System       -S  NOT System
H  Hidden       -H  NOT Hidden
A  Archive      -A  NOT Archive

Wildcards: These can be combined with part of a filename

   *  Match any characters
   ?  Match any ONE character

Examples:

To delete HelloWorld.TXT
DEL HelloWorld.TXT

To delete “Hello Big World.TXT”
DEL “Hello Big World.TXT”

To delete all files that start with the letter A
DEL A*

To delete all files that end with the letter A
DEL *A.*

To delete all files with a .DOC extension
DEL *.DOC

To delete all read only files
DEL /a:R *

To delete all files including any that are read only
DEL /F *

Folders
If a folder name is given instead of a file, all files in the folder will be deleted, but the folder itself will not be removed.

Temporary Files
You should clear out TEMP files on a regular basis – this is best done at startup when no applications are running. To delete all files in all subfolders of C:\temp\ but leave the folder structure intact:

DEL /F /S /Q %TEMP%

When clearing out the TEMP directory it is not generally worthwhile removing the subfolders too – they don’t use much space and constantly deleting and recreating them can potentially increase fragmentation within the Master File Table.

Deleting a file will not prevent third party utilities from un-deleting it again, however you can turn any file into a zero-byte file to destroy the file allocation chain like this:

TYPE nul > C:\examples\MyFile.txt
DEL C:\examples\MyFile.txt

Undeletable Files

Files are sometimes created with the very long filenames or reserved names: CON, AUX, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, LPT1, LPT2, LPT3, PRN, NUL
To delete these use the syntax: DEL \\.\C:\somedir\LPT1
Alternatively SUBST a drive letter to the folder containing the file.

If a file (or folder) still appears to be ‘undeletable’ this is often caused by the indexing service.
Right click the file you need to delete, choose properties, advanced and untick “allow indexing” you will then be able to delete the file.
To cure the problem permanently – Control Panel, Add/Remove programs, Win Accessories, indexing service.

Delete Locked files (Typically IE temp files or the Offline cache)
This works on any version of NT, 2000 or XP

Close all applications
Open a command prompt
Click Start, and then Shut Down
Simultaneously press CTRL+SHIFT+ALT.
While you keep these keys pressed, click Cancel in the Shut Down Windows dialog box.
In the command prompt window, navigate to the cache location, and delete all files from the folder (DEL /s)
At the command prompt, type explorer, and then press ENTER.

DELTREE

Previous versions of Windows had the DELTREE command that deletes all files and sub folders.
DEL /s will delete all files
RD /s will remove all files and folders including the root folder.

:: Remove all files and subfolders but NOT the root folder
:: From tip 617 at JsiFAQ.com
@echo off
pushd %1
del /q *.*
for /f "Tokens=*" %%G in ('dir /B') do rd /s /q "%%G"popd

Normally DEL will display a list of the files deleted, if Command Extensions are disabled; it will instead display a list of any files it cannot find.

ERASE is a synonym for DEL

MD

Make Directory – Creates a new folder.

Syntax
MD [drive:]path

Key
The path can consist of any valid characters up to the maximum path length available

You should avoid using the following characters in folder names – they are known to cause problems

© ® ” – & ‘ ^ ( ) and @

also many extended characters may not be recognised by older 16 bit windows applications.

The maximum length of a full pathname (folders and filename) under NTFS or FAT is 260 characters.

Folder names are not case sensitive, but only folder names longer than 8 characters will always retain their case, as typed.

For Example

C:\temp> MD MyFolder

Make several folders with one command

C:\temp> MD Alpha Beta Gamma

will create

C:\temp\Alpha\
C:\temp\Beta\
C:\temp\Gamma\

Make an entire path
MD creates any intermediate directories in the path, if needed.
For example, assuming \utils does not exist then:

MD \utils\downloads\Editor

is the same as:

md \utils
cd \utils
md downloads
cd downloads
md Editor 

for long filenames include quotes

MD "\utils\downloads\Super New Editor"

You cannot create a folder with the same name as any of the following devices:
CON, PRN, LPT1, LPT2 ..LPT9, COM1, COM2 ..COM9
This limitation ensures that redirection to these devices will always work.

If you plan to copy data onto CDROM avoid folder trees more than 8 folders deep

MKDIR is a synonym for MD

DATE

Display or change the date

Syntax

to display the date
DATE /T

to set the system date
DATE
or
DATE <date_today>

A typical output from DATE /T is “Mon 11/09/2000″ but this is dependent on the country code.
The date formats for different country codes are as follows:

Country or language   CountryCode  Date format Time format

   United States         001          01/23/1997  5:35:00.00p 

Czechoslovakia        042          23.01.1997 17:35:00
France                033          23.01.1997 17:35:00
   Germany               049          23.01.1997 17:35:00 

Latin America         003          23/01/1997  5:35:00.00p
International English 061          23/01/1997 17:35:00.00 

Portugal              351          23-01-1997 17:35:00
   Finland               358          23.1.1997   17.35.00

   Switzerland           041          23.01.97   17 35.00
Norway                047          23.01.97   17:35:00 

Belgium               032          23/01/97   17:35:00
Brazil                055          23/01/97   17:35:00
   Italy                 039          23/01/97   17.35.00
United Kingdom        044          23/01/97   17:35:00.00

   Denmark               045          23-01-97   17.35.00
   Netherlands           031          23-01-97   17:35:00

   Spain                 034          3/12/98    17:35:00 

Hungary               036          1997.01.23 17:35:00

   Canadian-French       002          1997-01-23 17:35:00
Poland                048          1997-01-23 17:35:00
   Sweden                046          1997-01-23 17.35.00

Date Formatting

In Control Panel Regional settings a short date STYLE can be set. This can be used to change the date separator, the order (e.g. dd/mm/yyyy or mm/dd/yyyy) and the number of characters used to display days and months.

Date Format information in the registry

The Country Code is a setting in the registry:

This can be read using REG.exe as follows

FOR /F "TOKENS=3 delims=       " %%G IN ('REG QUERY "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\International\iCountry"') DO (SET _country=%%G)

The date separator is also a registry setting

This can be read using REG.exe as follows

FOR /F "TOKENS=3 delims=       " %%G IN ('REG QUERY "HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Control Panel\International\sDate"') DO SET _date_sep=%%G

If Command Extensions are disabled DATE will not support the /T switch

ROBOCOPY.exe

Robust File and Folder Copy.
By default Robocopy will only copy a file if the source and destination have different time stamps or different file sizes.

Syntax

ROBOCOPY source_folder destination_folder [file(s)_to_copy] [options]

Key

file(s)_to_copy : A list of files or a wildcard.

(defaults to copying *.*)

Source options

/S : Copy Subfolders

/E : Copy Subfolders, including Empty Subfolders.

/COPY:copyflag[s] : What to COPY (default is /COPY:DAT).

(copyflags : D=Data, A=Attributes, T=Timestamps).

(S=Security=NTFS ACLs, O=Owner info, U=aUditing info).

/SEC : Copy files with SECurity (equivalent to /COPY:DATS).

/DCOPY:T : Copy Directory Timestamps. ##

/COPYALL : Copy ALL file info (equivalent to /COPY:DATSOU).

/NOCOPY : Copy NO file info (useful with /PURGE).

/A : Copy only files with the Archive attribute set.

/M : like /A, but remove Archive attribute from source files.

/LEV:n : Only copy the top n LEVels of the source tree.

/MAXAGE:n : MAXimum file AGE – exclude files older than n days/date.

/MINAGE:n : MINimum file AGE – exclude files newer than n days/date.

(If n < 1900 then n = no of days, else n = YYYYMMDD date).

/FFT : Assume FAT File Times (2-second date/time granularity).

/256 : Turn off very long path (> 256 characters) support.

Copy options

/L : List only – don’t copy, timestamp or delete any files.

/MOV : MOVe files (delete from source after copying).

/MOVE : Move files and dirs (delete from source after copying).

/Z : Copy files in restartable mode (survive network glitch).

/B : Copy files in Backup mode.

/ZB : Use restartable mode; if access denied use Backup mode.

/IPG:n : Inter-Packet Gap (ms), to free bandwidth on slow lines.

/R:n : Number of Retries on failed copies – default is 1 million.

/W:n : Wait time between retries – default is 30 seconds.

/REG : Save /R:n and /W:n in the Registry as default settings.

/TBD : Wait for sharenames To Be Defined (retry error 67).

Destination options

/A+:[RASHCNET] : Set file Attribute(s) on destination files + add.

/A-:[RASHCNET] : UnSet file Attribute(s) on destination files – remove.

/FAT : Create destination files using 8.3 FAT file names only.

/CREATE : CREATE directory tree structure + zero-length files only.

/DST : Compensate for one-hour DST time differences ##

/PURGE : Delete dest files/folders that no longer exist in source.

/MIR : MIRror a directory tree – equivalent to /PURGE plus all subfolders (/E)

Logging options

/L : List only – don’t copy, timestamp or delete any files.

/NP : No Progress – don’t display % copied.

/LOG:file : Output status to LOG file (overwrite existing log).

/LOG+:file : Output status to LOG file (append to existing log).

UNILOG and UNILOG+ will output to a unicode logfile ##

/TS : Include Source file Time Stamps in the output.

/FP : Include Full Pathname of files in the output.

/NS : No Size – don’t log file sizes.

/NC : No Class – don’t log file classes.

/NFL : No File List – don’t log file names.

/NDL : No Directory List – don’t log directory names.

/TEE : Output to console window, as well as the log file.

/NJH : No Job Header.

/NJS : No Job Summary.

Repeated Copy Options

/MON:n : MONitor source; run again when more than n changes seen.

/MOT:m : MOnitor source; run again in m minutes Time, if changed.

/RH:hhmm-hhmm : Run Hours – times when new copies may be started.

/PF : Check run hours on a Per File (not per pass) basis.

Job Options

/JOB:jobname : Take parameters from the named JOB file.

/SAVE:jobname : SAVE parameters to the named job file

/QUIT : QUIT after processing command line (to view parameters).

/NOSD : NO Source Directory is specified.

/NODD : NO Destination Directory is specified.

/IF : Include the following Files.

Advanced options you’ll probably never use

/EFSRAW : Copy any encrypted files using EFS RAW mode.##

/SECFIX : FIX file SECurity on all files, even skipped files.

/TIMFIX : FIX file TIMes on all files, even skipped files.

/XO : eXclude Older – if destination file exists and is the same date

or newer than the source – don’t bother to overwrite it.

/XC | /XN : eXclude Changed | Newer files

/XX | /XL : eXclude eXtra | Lonely files and dirs.

An “extra” file is present in destination but not source,

excluding extras will delete from destination.

A “lonely” file is present in source but not destination

excluding lonely will prevent any new files being added to the destination.

/XF file [file]… : eXclude Files matching given names/paths/wildcards.

/XD dirs [dirs]… : eXclude Directories matching given names/paths.

XF and XD can be used in combination  e.g.

ROBOCOPY c:\source d:\dest /XF *.doc *.xls /XD c:\unwanted /S

/IA:[RASHCNETO] : Include files with any of the given Attributes

/XA:[RASHCNETO] : eXclude files with any of the given Attributes

/IS : Include Same, overwrite files even if they are already the same.

/IT : Include Tweaked files.

/XJ : eXclude Junction points. (normally included by default).

/MAX:n : MAXimum file size – exclude files bigger than n bytes.

/MIN:n : MINimum file size – exclude files smaller than n bytes.

/MAXLAD:n : MAXimum Last Access Date – exclude files unused since n.

/MINLAD:n : MINimum Last Access Date – exclude files used since n.

(If n < 1900 then n = n days, else n = YYYYMMDD date).

/BYTES : Print sizes as bytes.
/X : Report all eXtra files, not just those selected & copied.

/V : Produce Verbose output log, showing skipped files.

/ETA : Show Estimated Time of Arrival of copied files.

## = New Option in Vista (XP027) all other options on this page are for the XP version of Robocopy (XP010)

Robocopy EXIT CODES

File Attributes [RASHCNETO]

R – Read only

A – Archive

S – System

H – Hidden

C – Compressed

N – Not content indexed

E – Encrypted

T – Temporary

O – Offline

If either the source or desination are a “quoted long foldername” do not include a trailing backslash as this will be treated as an escape character, i.e. “C:\some path\” will fail but “C:\some path\\” or “C:\some path” will work.

Robocopy will fail to copy files that are ‘locked’ by other users or applications, limiting the number of retries with /R:0 will speed up large jobs.

By copying only the files that have changed, robocopy can be used to backup very large volumes.
To limit the network bandwidth used by robocopy, specify the Inter-Packet Gap parameter /IPG:n
This will send packets of 64 KB each followed by a delay of n Milliseconds.

ROBOCOPY will accept UNC pathnames including UNC pathnames over 256 characters long.

/B (backup mode) will allow Robocopy to override file and folder permission settings (ACLs).

To run ROBOCOPY under a non-administrator account will require backup files privilege, to copy security information auditing privilege is also required, plus of course you need at least read access to the files and folders.

The NT 4 and Windows 2000 resource kits include Robocopy 1.95 but I recommend you download the Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit Tools which include Robocopy XP10, this fixes a number of bugs and will even run on NT/2K. Robocopy does not run on Windows 95, or NT 3.5. (RoboCopy is a Unicode application).

Robocopy ‘Jobs’ and the ‘MOnitor source’ option provide an alternative to setting up a Scheduled Task to run a batchfile with a RoboCopy command.

Examples:

Copy files from one server to another (auto skip files already in the destination)

ROBOCOPY \\Server1\reports \\Server2\backup *.doc /S

List files over 32 MBytes in size:

ROBOCOPY C:\work /MAX:33554432 /L

Move files over 14 days old: (note the MOVE option will fail if any files are open and locked.)

ROBOCOPY C:\work C:\destination /move /minage:14

Backup a Server

The script below copies data from FileServ1 to FileServ2, the destination holds a full mirror along with file security info. When run regularly to synchronize the source and destination, robocopy will only copy those files that have changed (change in time stamp or size.)

@ECHO OFF
SETLOCAL

SET _source=\\FileServ1\e$\users

SET _dest=\\FileServ2\e$\BackupUsers

SET _what=/COPYALL /B /SEC /MIR
:: /COPYALL :: COPY ALL file info
:: /B :: copy files in Backup mode.
:: /SEC :: copy files with SECurity
:: /MIR :: MIRror a directory tree

SET _options=/R:0 /W:0 /LOG:MyLogfile.txt /NFL /NDL
:: /R:n :: number of Retries
:: /W:n :: Wait time between retries
:: /LOG :: Output log file
:: /NFL :: No file logging
:: /NDL :: No dir logging

ROBOCOPY %_source% %_dest% %_what% %_options%

SHUTDOWN.exe

Shutdown the computer

Syntax

SHUTDOWN [logoff_option]  [/m \\Computer] [options]

logoff_option:
/i         Display the GUI (must be the first option)
    /l         Log off. This cannot be used with /m or /d option
    /s         Shutdown
    /r         Shutdown and Restart
    /a         Abort a system shutdown.
               (only during the time-out period)
/p         Turn off the local computer with no time-out or warning
               (only with /d)
    /h         Hibernate the local computer (only with /f )
    /e         Document the reason for an unexpected shutdown of a computer

Options:

/m \\Computer  : A remote computer to shutdown.

/t:xxx         : Time until system shutdown in seconds.
                    The valid range is xxx=0-600 seconds. [default=30]
/c "Msg"       : An optional shutdown message [Max 127 chars]

/f             : Force running applications to close.
This will not prompt for File-Save in any open applications.
so will result in a loss of all unsaved data!!!

/d u:xx:yy     : List a USER reason code for the shutdown.
/d P:xx:yy     : List a PLANNED reason code for the shutdown.
xx Specifies the major reason code (0-255)
yy Specifies the minor reason code (0-65536)

Options in bold are for Windows 2003 only

Example:

To create a desktop shortcut that will immediately shutdown your system, set the shortcut Target Properties to:
C:\Windows\System32\shutdown.exe -s

When using this command to reboot a server, the shutdown process will normally allow about 30 seconds to ensure each running service has time to stop. The shutdown can be made faster if all the services are first halted using NET STOP

e.g.
net stop "Microsoft Exchange Internet Mail Service"
net stop "Microsoft FTP Service"
net stop "Some other Service"
SHUTDOWN /t:25 /r

Typical Reason codes:
E = Expected
U = Unexpected
P = planned (C = customer defined)

Type    Major Minor Title
U      0     0   Other (Unplanned)
E       0     0   Other (Unplanned)
E P     0     0   Other (Planned)
U      0     5   Other Failure: System Unresponsive
E       1     1   Hardware: Maintenance (Unplanned)
E P     1     1   Hardware: Maintenance (Planned)
E       1     2   Hardware: Installation (Unplanned)
E P     1     2   Hardware: Installation (Planned)
P     2     3   Operating System: Upgrade (Planned)
E       2     4   Operating System: Reconfiguration (Unplanned)
E P     2     4   Operating System: Reconfiguration (Planned)
P     2     16  Operating System: Service pack (Planned)
2     17  Operating System: Hot fix (Unplanned)
P     2     17  Operating System: Hot fix (Planned)
2     18  Operating System: Security fix (Unplanned)
P     2     18  Operating System: Security fix (Planned)
E       4     1   Application: Maintenance (Unplanned)
E P     4     1   Application: Maintenance (Planned)
E P     4     2   Application: Installation (Planned)
E       4     5   Application: Unresponsive
E       4     6   Application: Unstable
U      5     15  System Failure: Stop error
E       5     19  Security issue
U      5     19  Security issue
E P     5     19  Security issue
E       5     20  Loss of network connectivity (Unplanned)
U      6     11  Power Failure: Cord Unplugged
U      6     12  Power Failure: Environment
P     7     0   Legacy API shutdown

e.g. SHUTDOWN /r /d P:2:17

DIRUSE

Display disk usage

Syntax
DIRUSE [options] Folders...
Options
/M  Display in Mb
/K  Display in Kb
/B  Display in bytes (default)
/,  Use thousand separator when displaying sizes.
/Q:#    Quota limit, mark folders that exceed the size (#) with a "!".
set %errorlevel% to ONE if any folders are found that
exceed the specified size

/*      Report on one level of subfolders (top-level folders)

/D      Display only folders that exceed specified sizes.
/S      Include detail of every subfolder in the output
/O      Don't check subfolders for quota overflow.
/V      Display progress report for every subfolder

/C      Use Compressed size instead of apparent size.
/L      Output overflows to logfile .\DIRUSE.LOG.
/A      generate an alert if quota is exceeded
(requires the Alerter service)

Note: the ‘-’ symbol can be used in place of the ‘/’ symbol.

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